BIO
Born in 1954, Guillou is an alumnus of Ecole Polytechnique (1973) and was appointed head of the school's governing board in March 2008. She holds a doctorate in physico-chemistry, is a general engineer of the French Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, and a member of the French Academy of Agriculture.
After being the Director-General of INRA from August 2000 to July 2004, Marion Guillou was nominated President of INRA in 2004. In 2009 she became President of Agreenium, the National Consortium for agriculture, food, animal health and the environment, founded by INRA, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Agrocampus Ouest, Montpellier SupAgro and ENV Toulouse in order to face the global challenges.
As director-general of food and nutrition at the French Ministry of Agriculture, Guillou spearheaded the reorganisation of that division, which now counts the quality and safety of agricultural products and food as its main concerns.
Guillou was also a former director of industrial relations and research optimisation at INRA, researcher at the University of Nantes physico-chemical laboratory, regional delegate for research and technology in the Loire Region, head of the regional workshop for economic studies and rural development at the regional directorate for agriculture and forestry in Nantes, and adviser to the Minister of Agriculture.
By Marion Guillou on ParisTech Review
L’évolution de la demande alimentaire dans les différentes régions du monde sera-t-elle déterminante pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire de tous, en quantité comme en composition, et pour la bonne gestion des ressources naturelles?
The evolution of food demand in different regions of the world will be crucial to ensure food security for all, in quantity and composition. But it is also a key driver for the proper management of natural resources, and as such a central element of the energy transition.
Genetically modified organisms have almost become taboo in Europe. Elsewhere in the world, genetically modified plants are being cultivated on a large scale but public acceptance is far from being granted. How to deal with the people's reticence without taking extrem options, such as banning GMOs or ignoring the public outcry? A well-informed, serene debate is necessary. But is it still possible?
En Europe, les organismes génétiquement modifiés destinés à l'agriculture sont presque un tabou. Ailleurs dans le monde, leur utilisation continue à faire débat. Mais une discussion bien informée est-elle possible? Entre les arguments des opposants et ceux des grandes entreprises, la parole scientifique a du mal à se faire entendre. Elle est pourtant nécessaire si l'on veut réfléchir sereinement à une technologie qui n'est pas sans risques, mais demande à être analysée en situation, sur la base d'un calcul coûts-avantages. Comment revenir à la raison?
Jusqu'en 2008, les médias ne parlaient plus beaucoup de sécurité alimentaire mais le sujet est revenu au premier plan. Les désordres des marchés financiers ont fait apparaître des tensions sous-jacentes : pressions sur les ressources, inégalités d'accès, évolution rapide des grands pays émergents. Les tensions d'aujourd'hui préfigurent celles de demain. Pouvons-nous espérer les maîtriser ? Et comment ?
Up to 2008, the media have been relatively quiet about food security. However, this topic is resurfacing as a key issue. Financial markets disorders have unveiled underlying tensions: pressures on resources, inequalities in their access, as well as the effects of rapid growth of emerging countries. Today's pressures foreshadow tomorrow's tensions. Can we control these factors? And how?
Nourrir plus de 9 milliards d'individus à l'horizon 2050 dans un cadre de développement durable n'est pas impossible, mais seulement sous réserve que certaines conditions soient remplies. Parmi celles-ci, mettre en place des mécanismes permettant de limiter l'instabilité des prix agricoles, augmenter la production agricole dans le respect des exigences du développement durable, réduire les pertes et les gaspillages à tous les stades, de la sortie du champ à l'assiette du consommateur, et sécuriser les échanges agricoles internationaux.
Feeding more than nine billion people by year 2050 in a sustainable way is not an impossible task provided certain conditions are met. These include limiting agricultural price instability, increasing agricultural production, reducing losses and wastage from field to plate and securing international agricultural trade.
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Jean-Christophe Boulanger & Laurent Mauriac Cofounders, Brief.me
Stanislas Dehaene Professor at Collège de France, Chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology
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